The emerging countries’ society has demanded an increase in investments for affordable housing for long-forgotten communities with low income along, customarily, with the mindset of sustainable development. In the past years, Brazil, for instance, has had an expansion of government programs that subsidize low-cost housing and, thus, studies on this area become more needed. In this paper, the sustainable aspects of two construction methods (Light Steel Framing and Structural Concrete Walls) are reviewed. The theories involving both methods and their practical approach are compared to their economical, ecological, and social standards aiming to identify the more sustainable one.