The construction industry consumes more raw materials than any other sector in the global economy, accounting for more than 25% of the global total carbon emissions. Due to its current level of industrialization, Kenya does not have a large ecological footprint, having recorded a per capita CO2 emission of 0.31 metric tonnes in 2018, less than 2% of the United States emissions for the same year. In fact, like in other African countries, indigenous building practices, which have minimal adverse environmental impacts, are still present in much of the country. Nevertheless, in Kenya, strides have been made toward mitigating adverse effects on the natural environment by embracing practices and products towards circular economies. Much of this progress is due to the increased participation of stakeholders, e.g., state actors, private industries, and various interest groups.

In partnership with Habitat for Humanity, this research set out to identify sustainable housing solutions that enable circular economies in Kenya. This report provides a landscape analysis of main opportunities, trends, private initiatives, barriers, key stakeholders, and policy options to promote and develop the circular economy in affordable housing in Kenya.