In this report, we examine the current situation regarding affordable housing in Europe from various perspectives. By way of context, we draw firstly on the work undertaken by Housing Europe’s Housing Observatory, which regularly scans the housing environment and relevant datasets to produce valuable position statements on “the state of housing in Europe”. Housing Europe and others relating to affordable housing shortages often manifested in access and cost overburdening difficulties for many, particularly poorer and lower-income households, with homelessness becoming an increasing problem in many EU countries. Challenges relating to energy efficiency and heating costs are also noted, in relation to the twin challenges of alleviating fuel poverty and reducing carbon emissions.