The chronic shortage of decent and affordable housing is due to rapid urbanization and migration. Lack of accessibility of formal institutional housing finance to low-income segments. The private sector is reluctant to participate in affordable housing in view of the financial viability of affordable housing projects and the lack of incentives. Availability and accessibility of land is an issue Escalating cost of construction. Regulatory issues with respect to land and construction reforms. Striking the right balance between government policies and the housing market poses a challenge.

The number of people living in urban areas will increase by 1.5 times to 6 billion 330 million households across the world live in substandard housing which would grow to 440 million by 2025 200 million households in developing countries live in slums 32 million households in developed countries live in slums More than 60 million households are stretched financially by housing cost in United States, European Union, Japan & Australia. Government’s role in institution-building and market infrastructure development. Fiscal and Financial incentives for private sector participation in low-income and affordable housing.