The obligation of the Government to ensure the highest possible health status for India’s population and to ensure that all people have access to quality health care has been recognized by several key policy documents. The policy directions of the “Heath for All” declaration became the stated policy of Government of India with the adoption of the National Health Policy Statement of 1983. Driven by this declaration there was some expansion of primary health care in the 80s. Further, the National Health Policy of 2002 and the Report of the Macro-Economic Commission on Health and Development (2005) emphasized the need to increase the total public health expenditure from 2 to 3 percent of the GDP. They also stressed the need to strengthen the role of public sector in social protection against the rising costs of health care and the need to provide a comprehensive package of services without reducing the prioritization given to women and children’s health.