Factors Influencing Low-Cost Housing in Sana’a – Yemen

The document titled “Factors Influencing Low Cost Housing in Sana’a – Yemen” presents a detailed study aimed at identifying the key factors that affect the cost of low-cost housing projects in Sana’a, the capital of Yemen. The research is essential due to the acute housing shortage faced by low-income groups in the city, exacerbated by rapid urban growth, economic instability, and inadequate infrastructure.

Objectives of the Study

The primary objective of this study is to pinpoint the factors influencing housing costs in low-cost housing projects. It employs a questionnaire survey that encompasses 32 factors categorized into five major groups: land factors, materials used, construction methods, finishing works, and external factors. The findings are intended to inform policy-making and improve housing strategies for low-income populations.

Methodology

The researchers utilized a questionnaire survey method targeting professionals in the housing sector to gather data on the perceived significance of various factors affecting housing costs. This approach allowed for a systematic analysis of how different elements contribute to overall housing expenses.

Key Findings

Major Factors Affecting Housing Costs

1. Land Costs: The cost of land emerged as the most significant factor influencing housing prices. This includes considerations such as location, accessibility to services, and job proximity.
2. Material Costs: The costs associated with construction materials, particularly cement and steel, were identified as critical determinants. The availability and price fluctuations of these materials directly impact overall project costs.
3. Construction Methods: The choice of construction techniques also plays a role; for instance, reinforced concrete frames are favored for their durability but can be more expensive.
4. Finishing Works: Costs related to finishing touches such as plastering and internal fittings contribute significantly to the total expense of housing projects.
5. External Factors: Economic conditions, political stability, and transportation costs were highlighted as influential external factors that affect housing development.

Ranking of Factors

The study ranked these factors based on their importance:

• Land cost was ranked highest, followed by cement and steel costs.
• Construction methods and finishing works were significant but ranked lower than land and material costs.
• External factors like economic conditions and political stability were noted as influential, but their impact varied depending on the specific context.

Challenges in Low-Cost Housing

The report emphasizes several challenges faced by low-income groups in accessing affordable housing:

• High Costs: The overall high cost of housing relative to income levels makes it difficult for many families to secure adequate shelter.
• Informal Housing Solutions: Many low-income individuals resort to informal housing solutions such as squatter settlements due to the lack of affordable options.
• Quality Concerns: The rush to provide housing often results in poor-quality constructions that do not meet safety standards or community needs.

Recommendations

Based on the findings, the study proposes several recommendations aimed at improving low-cost housing availability:

1. Policy Development: There is a need for comprehensive housing policies that address both supply and demand issues in the market.
2. Improved Resource Management: Efficient management of available resources could help reduce costs associated with land and materials.
3. Community Involvement: Engaging local communities in planning and development processes can lead to more tailored solutions that meet specific needs.

Conclusion

The assessment concludes that addressing the factors influencing low-cost housing is crucial for alleviating the severe housing shortage in Sana’a. By focusing on land accessibility, material costs, construction methods, and external influences, stakeholders can develop more effective strategies to enhance housing affordability for low-income groups. The insights from this study are expected to guide future interventions aimed at improving living conditions and fostering sustainable urban development in Yemen’s capital city.

Further reading:
Developing affordable housing design for low income in Sana’a, Yemen academia
[PDF] AFFORDABLE HOUSING FOR LOW INCOME GROUP IN SANA’A psasir.upm.edu

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