Gap Analysis of Affordable Housing in Pima County, Arizona

Affordability is a critical issue in Pima County, Arizona, where a significant portion of the population struggles to find suitable and affordable homes. The University of Arizona was commissioned by Family Housing Resources, Inc. to conduct a “gap analysis” of affordable low-income housing in the region. This analysis aims to identify the existing housing stock and the needs of lower-income households, which are defined as those earning less than 80% of the county median income. Affordable units are those that cost households no more than 30% of their income to own or rent. This report provides an overview of the current state of housing in Pima County, focusing on the demographics of lower-income households and the availability of housing units.

Pima County is home to approximately 156,000 lower-income households, which constitute about 40% of all households in the county. This figure may be slightly inflated, as the definition of income used in the analysis excludes capital gains, money from the sale of property, withdrawals from deposits, and other sources of income. The majority of these lower-income households reside in Tucson, the county seat. However, at least 1,000 lower-income households are also found in several other eastern county communities, including Green Valley and Oro Valley.

The composition of lower-income households in Pima County is diverse. About 33% of these households include at least one senior citizen aged 65 or older. Seniors often face unique housing challenges, including the need for accessible units and support services. Approximately 24% of lower-income households are families with children. These families require housing that is not only affordable but also safe and suitable for raising children. The most common type of lower-income household in Pima County (29%) is a single female living alone. Single female-headed households often face additional economic and social challenges, making housing even more critical for their well-being.

The availability of housing units in Pima County is a significant concern. The Pima County Housing Authority provides housing for up to 877 low- and moderate-income households through its public housing programs. However, the demand for affordable housing far exceeds the supply. The majority of housing units in Pima County are provided through Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Properties, which make up almost 90% of low-income housing availability in the United States. These properties offer tax benefits to their owners in exchange for making a portion of their units available at affordable rates.

Several programs and initiatives aim to address the housing shortage in Pima County. The Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program, managed by the Pima County Housing Authority, provides tenant-based rental assistance to qualifying low-income families. Recipients of Section 8 vouchers typically pay up to 30% of their income for housing, with the remaining rent covered by the voucher and current Fair Market Rent. Additionally, the Pima County Housing Authority offers public housing units to eligible low-income households. However, the number of available public housing units is limited, and many families remain on waiting lists for extended periods.

The gap between the demand for housing and the available supply is a pressing issue in Pima County. The University of Arizona’s gap analysis highlights the need for increased investment in affordable housing initiatives and the expansion of existing programs. This includes the development of new housing units, the preservation of existing housing stock, and the provision of support services to lower-income households.

While the focus of the University of Arizona’s analysis is on the affordable  housing stock, it is important to note that the adequacy of support services for lower-income households is also crucial for their success. Support services can include job training, financial counseling, and access to healthcare. These services can help lower-income households achieve greater economic stability and improve their overall quality of life.

Affordable  housing is a critical issue in Pima County, affecting a significant portion of the population. The University of Arizona’s gap analysis provides valuable insights into the demographics of lower-income households and the availability of affordable  housing units. While several programs and initiatives aim to address the affordable  housing shortage, there is a clear need for increased investment and expanded support services. By focusing on the development of new affordable  housing units, the preservation of existing stock, and the provision of support services, Pima County can work towards ensuring that all residents have access to safe, affordable, and suitable housing.