Building material is an important aspect of the design and construction process, having a big influence on the cost and quality of the built environment. In Egypt, the construction sector has a large share in the national economy, yet, a significant shortage in the affordability and sustainability of housing occurs. Efforts for improving the competitiveness of sustainable building materials contribute to improving the quality and affordability of the built environment, as well as the ecological balance and sustainability. The current research aims to investigate the potential of using the techniques of modern earth construction in the Egyptian construction sector, and the possible means to encourage its utilization, within appropriate contexts, to provide sustainable and affordable housing. Earth has been an ancient and widespread building material for vernacular and popular construction in Egypt, and in modern times, there have been several attempts for its revival with the same traditional techniques.