Residential segregation by race and by income is a fundamental driver of inequality in the United States. Segregated living patterns undergird many of the social problems faced by disadvantaged populations. Solutions to segregation include interventions that create housing opportunities in higher-income areas, preserve affordability in gentrifying areas, and target investment in the areas most in need. The realization of fair housing and the creation of inclusive communities would be bolstered by innovation in community-academic partnerships.