Sri Lanka’s Country Report for Habitat III is produced after the installation of a new Government in January 2015 only a few years after the cessation of protracted civil strife that lasted for nearly 30 years. Except for some of those of the Eastern and Northern Provinces who fled to other parts of the country during the civil strife returning back to their homes, no other drastic changes in the internal migration pattern have been observed. The population growth is one of the lowest in the region and urbanization in terms of the increase of persons living in areas designated as ‘urban’ has a pattern of its own, which some perceive as low with the population of Colombo City actually decreasing. The state of human settlements is reviewed against this background.