Australia’s housing system is failing to deliver a sufficient supply of affordable homes and wider affordability pressures are affecting household wellbeing. A national strategic framework is needed to address these failures. By integrating and enhancing the public subsidies, financial settings, policy levers and programs that exist across the three levels of government, a national framework for housing will drive outcomes across the continuum of housing needs and help deliver long growth of affordable housing supply. This is the Final Report of an AHURI Inquiry into the range of strategies and initiatives that governments have used to leverage affordable housing supply in a constrained funding and increasingly market driven context. With existing levels of social housing insufficient to meet current and projected needs, an estimated deficit of over 200,000 affordable dwellings. Australian Government funding has proved critical in delivering affordable housing at scale, for example social housing delivered as part of the Nation Building Initiative, and affordable rental housing delivered under the National Rental Affordability Scheme (NRAS). Although not ongoing, these national funding schemes catalyzed greater industry innovation and diversified the range of affordable rental housing options delivered in Australia.