With increasing urbanization, the need for adequate affordable shelter also increases. The housing shortage is one of the major challenges faced in developing countries like India. It is imperative to provide housing that caters to all income groups with a special focus on low and middle-income groups. In order to provide low-cost housing, it is essential to adopt innovative sustainable technologies which are affordable, fast track, cost-effective, durable as well as environment friendly. This paper discusses emerging innovative technologies that can be adopted in the country to lower housing construction costs and help in the provision of mass affordable housing. Some of the technologies discussed are Tunnel form, Sismo building technology, Light Gauge Steel Framed Structural technology, Precast Sandwich Panel technology, etc. These technologies are reviewed on various parameters like local availability, affordability, energy efficiency, structural stability, quality, speed, cost-effectiveness, ecofriendliness, and suitability for high-rise construction. The advantages and limitations of the technologies are also mentioned. The paper highlights the potential barriers to the adoption of these technologies in the Indian urban scenario and methods which can be employed to overcome those barriers in order to provide affordable housing for low and middle-income groups.