The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) was launched by the Central Government in 2005, as a much-needed response to the mounting problems of urban India. Though the subject of urban development is essentially a State subject, the Centre deemed it necessary to come up with a flagship program to cope with the massive problems that emerged as a result of rapid urban growth. It recognized the fact that the cities and towns of India constitute the world’s second-largest urban system, contributing over 50 percent of the country’s GDP. Studies have shown that the impact of the growth of population on urban infrastructure and services has been adverse. Physical infrastructure created in urban areas has generally been languishing due to inadequate attention and lack of proper operation and maintenance.