Socio-economic and class inequalities are on the rise in a host of contexts (Piketty 2014; Savage 2015), underpinned by a restructuring of the global economy, labour markets, finance, and the welfare state (Sassen 1991, 2014). The Fordist welfare state that provided extensive social safety nets has been subject to a gradual dismantling and, instead, contemporary welfare states have been reoriented towards facilitating private accumulation and enabling market forces (Peck & Tickell 2002; Brenner et al. 2010). Although socio-economic inequalities are in essence a-spatial, they are typically also expressed in urban space. Most major European cities of the twenty-first century are marked by aggravating levels of socio-economic segregation (Tammaru et al. 2016). Affluent residents increasingly seem to be flocking together into areas of privilege, while lower class residents are ever more likely to concentrate in low status areas. Indicators of segregation say little, however, about the different dimensions of social-spatial inequalities and the underlying dynamics that forge them. Gentrification, the transformation of urban space for more affluent users, is frequently attributed a key role in neighborhood change. However, gentrification may also be an important force of urban change that reshapes the social geography of cities as a whole. Most gentrification studies focus – insufficiently – on the consequences of gentrification for urban-regional inequalities, for instance by only considering the gentrifying neighbourhoods themselves and ignoring their spatial flipside, or by only taking into account certain types of gentrification. This is a crucial lacuna given the ever growing footprint of gentrification (cf. Smith 2002; Lees et al. 2016). The main aim of this dissertation is therefore to understand the impact of gentrification on social-spatial inequalities at the urban-regional level to its full extent.