Advisory Center for Affordable Settlements & Housing

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Document Type General
Publish Date 15/11/2017
Author Sofia Anwar and Muhammad Ashfaq
Published By Government College University Faisalabad, University of Agriculture Faisalabad
Edited By Tabassum Rahmani
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Introduction to the Economy of Pakistan

An economy is a complex structure of consumers and producers who have beneficial roles for each other. Pakistan’s economy is a mixed type of economy that has three major sectors i.e. agriculture, industry, and services. The contribution of these sectors to the economy is given as agriculture contributing 21% of the GDP; industrial share is 20.9% while services sector share is 57.7% of the GDP. The trade account remained in deficit during most of the years in history and is still in the same condition due to more dependence on imports. The excessive dependence on imports has also disturbed our foreign exchange reserves. The continuous devaluation of the Pakistani rupee was also a result of these economic problems. Public debt, to manage the economy, is rising sharply as it reached more than 60% of GDP. It is evident from the above discussion that Pakistan’s economy has a lot of problems, so an integrated economic, social and political framework is needed to bring Pakistan out of this imbroglio. If we look at the historical performance of the Pakistan economy, then it is observed that after the 1980s Pakistan’s economic growth has been continuously decreasing except in the era of General Pervaiz Musharaf. All sectors’ growth declined after the 1980s but there was slightly improvement in the 2000s decade. The abundance of natural resources, human capital, excellent geographical location, and hardworking masses are the strengths of Pakistan’s economy. Low literacy rate and ignorance, shortage of capital, no regard for rule of law and institutions, inefficient and ritual–ridden social system, and corrupt political environment, dominated by nonprogressive elements of tribal sardars, feudal and religious advisors are some weaknesses of Pakistan’s economic system.

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